Ufacture of portland cement



'NlE ra'rns ATENT OFFICE.

'IMIIi F. BAUDE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

MANUFACTURE F PORTLAND GEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 453,753, dated June 9, 1891.

Application filed'Decemher 10, 1889. Serial No. 333.252. (No specimens.)

To whom it y CWT/calm: moment immersed in water. Thelime isthen Le it knownthat l, EMIL F. BAUDE, a citiemptied out of tiic basket upon a floor and 50 zen oi the United States, and a resident'of allowed to remain until the lime is slaked.

Qincinna ti, in the county of Hamilton and Only the pure lime will slaken by this treatbtate of Ohio, have inyented certain new and ment, while the foreign matter and impure useful Improvements in the Manufacture of 1imethat is, lime containing silica-will not Portland peinent, of which the following is a slaken, but remain in lumps. The pure lime 5 5 specification. in the form of a fine inipalpable powder may The ObJBCl of my invention is to produce then be separated from the hard. solid partiio artificial Portland cement of reliable and uni cles by sitting, and is then ready to be mixed form quality at but little cost of labor and with the clay and the mixture treated in the material. It is well known that good artifiusual manner. I have, therefore, the chemi- 6o cial cement can only be made of lime and cal properties of each of the elements, lime clay inv certain proportions and that a variand clay, of which artificial Portland cement I5 ance of more than three to four per cent, in is formed definitely ascertained and ready to either of its principal components lime or clay be mixed together in the proportions desired will render the cement of little valve. For to make the different kinds of cement re- 6 this reason it is absolutely necessary to know quired for the various uses to which Portland the chemical composition of each of the macement is applied, and am therefore enabled 2o terials before they are mixed together, as a to manufacture good artificial Portland cemniist-ake cannot be remedied by the process ent from impure limestone cheaply and with of calcining. It has therefore been very dlfuniformly good results. 70 ficult, in fact impossible, to produce a good As it has been heretofore impossible to artificialPortlandcementfiommaterialfound make good artificial Portland cement from in this country at a price that would compete blue limestone of the class named and clay with the imported article, because the limeon account of the great variance in the comstone (carbonate of lime) is found not to be position of the limestonethatis, the varying 75 uniform in chemical proportions in the same percentage of the silica to the carbonateof bed or even in the same layers. lime-and as my discovery renders it easier The clay which is used in the manufacture and cheaper to make good cement than itlias of Portland cement is generally found to be heretofore been to make the varying and imhomogeneous, so that when the chemicalcomperfect cements now in common use, 80 position of any portion of it is once ascer- I c1aiin tained it may be safely relied upon that all The process ot obtain ng pure lime for the 5 the clay in the same bed is composed of the manufacture of artificial lortland cement same elements and in the sameproportion. from blue limestone of the lludso i I'U'CI 01 I have discovered a process by which I am Cincinnati group, which consists Ill, first, (2211- 8 enabled to obtain pure lime from blue liniecining the limestone; second, inoistening the stone formation, known to geologists as the calcined lumps bydipping them in n atei and 4.0 Hudson River or.Cinciiinati group, orthe quickly removing them, so onlytt herpllic uppermost formation of the lower Silurian lime will slakeinfa id, ttllii ,scpa ia ililii, mile 0 age in the geologicalscale of theborth Ameri' pure slaketl lime on r18 inipuie a 9 can continent. This process is as follows: slaked portions by sifting The limestone of the class referred to s first EMU, F. BAUDE burned ina kiln, as is ordinarily done in the process of making l-inie. The lumps of calcined. limestone as they come from the kiln are then placed in a Wire basket and for a Witnesses:

FRANK L. MiiiiiWAnn,

GEO. J. MURRAY. 

